There are three major hazard groups in GHS, which are physical hazards, health hazards and environmental hazards. GHS hazard categories are below:
Physical hazards
- Explosives
- Flammable gases
- Flammable Aerosols
- Oxidizing gases
- Gases under pressure
- Flammable liquids
- Flammable solids
- Self-reactive substances and mixtures
- Pyrophoric solids
- Self-heating substances and mixtures
- Substances and mixtures which, in contact with water, emit flammable
- Oxidizing liquids
- Oxidizing solids
- Organic peroxides
- Corrosive to metals
Health hazards
- Acute toxicity
- Skin corrosion/ irritation
- Serious eye damage/ eye irritation
- Respiratory or skin sensitization
- Germ cell mutagenicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Reproductive toxicity
- Specific target organ toxicity – Single exposure
- Specific target organ toxicity – Repeated exposure
- Aspiration hazard
Environmental hazards
- Hazardous to aquatic environment
- Hazardous to ozone layer
The hazard groups in GHS are divided to classes and categories, known as building block. Each country can determine which building blocks of the GHS to be implemented in their standards. Therefore, classification of hazard may be slight variance among countries, even though countries have adopted GHS in their hazard classification standards.
In Malaysia, the Classification, Labelling and Safety Data Sheet of Hazardous Chemicals Regulations 2013 (CLASS Regulations) and Industry Code of Practice on Chemicals 2014 (ICOP) have stipulated that the principal supplier shall maintain a record of classification which shall be produced for inspection when directed by an occupational safety and health officer.
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